Lecture 9

1.
What is pharmacokinetics?
Study of concentration vs time profile
2.
Which fluids are used to determine pharmacokinetics?
"Blood plasma, faeces, urine, saliva, milk"
3.
What does pharmacokinetics do?
Quantifies ADME
4.
What is pharmocokinetics used for?
To determine ideal dosage
5.
Why is ideal dosage important?
"Efficacy, safety"
6.
What can pharmacokinetics provide in terms of administration?
"Sheduling (keeps concentration between minimum effect concentration and max safe parameters), ideal administration method"
7.
What displays exposure on concentration/time curve?
Area under the curve (mg.h/L)
8.
How is oral (po) bioavailability calculated?
F (fraction (x by 100 for %)) =(area under the curve (po) / area under the curve (IV) ) x (dose (IV) / dose (po) )
9.
What should the minimum bioavailability of a drug be?
20%
10.
How to calculate oral dose to achieve IV exposure?
Dose (po) (mg) equals dose (IV) / F (po)
11.
What is drug distribution?
Movement of drug between body compartments
12.
How to calculate drug distribution (Vd)?
Vd equals Amount of drug / plasma drug conc. Equals dose / conc.
13.
What can influence volume of distribution?
"Body mass, tissue blood flow, composition (H2O vs lipid), tissue binding, plasma protein binding, barriers, drug properties"
14.
What does a larger Vd mean?
Drug prefers to be out of the blood stream
15.
What is a loading dose?
Initial dose required to achieve target concentration
16.
How to calculate loading dose?
n equals c.v (IV dose)