HomeCoursesMEDSCI 204: Pharmacology and ToxicologyLecture 7 Lecture 7 1. What are the classes of drug administartion? Topical, enteral, paraenteralWhat are the classes of drug administartion?== Topical, enteral, paraenteral 2. What are enteral methods? Oral, sublingual, rectalWhat are enteral methods?== Oral, sublingual, rectal 3. What are paraenteral methods? Intravenous, subcutaneous, transdermal, intramuscularWhat are paraenteral methods?== Intravenous, subcutaneous, transdermal, intramuscular 4. What is the rate of absorption? How quickly a drug gets from the site of administration to systemic circulationWhat is the rate of absorption?== How quickly a drug gets from the site of administration to systemic circulation 5. List the methods of administration in order of absorption rates? IV < inhalation < intramuscular < subcutaneous < rectal/ligual < oral < topical < transdermalList the methods of administration in order of absorption rates? ==IV < inhalation < intramuscular < subcutaneous < rectal/ligual < oral < topical < transdermal 6. How is the amount of drug entering the bloodstream measured as? Bioavailability (F)How is the amount of drug entering the bloodstream measured as?== Bioavailability (F) 7. What is the bioavailability of IV administation? 1What is the bioavailability of IV administation?== 1 8. When might IV be suitable? Emergency, when drugs are irritatingWhen might IV be suitable?== Emergency, when drugs are irritating 9. What are the disadvatages of IV treatment? Requires hospitalisation, careful preparation, sterile, no recallWhat are the disadvatages of IV treatment?== Requires hospitalisation, careful preparation, sterile, no recall 10. What are advantages of oral administration? Safe, convenient, economic, recall (vomiting/charcoal)What are advantages of oral administration?== Safe, convenient, economic, recall (vomiting/charcoal) 11. What are the disadvatages of oral administration? Slow, unpredictable (rate, extent, reproducibility)What are the disadvatages of oral administration?== Slow, unpredictable (rate, extent, reproducibility) 12. What inhibits absorption in the stomach? Acidic pH, small area, thick mucousWhat inhibits absorption in the stomach?== Acidic pH, small area, thick mucous 13. What are pro-absorption features of the small intestine? Villi (surface area)What are pro-absorption features of the small intestine?== Villi (surface area) 14. Why is the large intestine not very absorptive? Enzymes and microbiota break down drugWhy is the large intestine not very absorptive? ==Enzymes and microbiota break down drug 15. What drug characteristics affect GI absorption? Dosage, form, dissolution rate, H2O and lipid solubility, ionisation, stability to pass through stomach, liability for metabolism (lipases, proteases)What drug characteristics affect GI absorption? ==Dosage, form, dissolution rate, H2O and lipid solubility, ionisation, stability to pass through stomach, liability for metabolism (lipases, proteases) 16. What patient characteristics affect drug absorption? Gastric emptying rate, intestinal motility, drug/food interationWhat patient characteristics affect drug absorption?== Gastric emptying rate, intestinal motility, drug/food interation 17. What can accelerate gastric emptying? Fasting, positive mind, mild exerciseWhat can accelerate gastric emptying? ==Fasting, positive mind, mild exercise 18. What can slow gastric emptying? Volume, hot meals, emotion, vigourous exercise, disease, childbirth, drugsWhat can slow gastric emptying? ==Volume, hot meals, emotion, vigourous exercise, disease, childbirth, drugs 19. What foods affect drugs? Grapefruit inhibits enzymes (increases drug conc.), dairy products for insoluble complex (reducing absorption)What foods affect drugs? ==Grapefruit inhibits enzymes (increases drug conc.), dairy products for insoluble complex (reducing absorption) 20. What type of drugs can cross the blood brain barrier? Lipid solubleWhat type of drugs can cross the blood brain barrier?== Lipid soluble 21. What is the average size of fluid compartments? 42 LWhat is the average size of fluid compartments?== 42 L 22. What organs receive the most blood/drug? Heart, lungs, brain, liver, kidneyWhat organs receive the most blood/drug? ==Heart, lungs, brain, liver, kidney 23. What are the features of a carrier bound drug? inactive, protectedWhat are the features of a carrier bound drug?== inactive, protected 24. What determines release and equilibrium of plasma protein bound drugs? Plasma protein affinityWhat determines release and equilibrium of plasma protein bound drugs?== Plasma protein affinity Loading...
