HomeCoursesMEDSCI 204: Pharmacology and ToxicologyLecture 19 Lecture 19 1. How are drugs discovered? Herbal remedies, seredipity (chance), phenotypic, ration drug designHow are drugs discovered?== Herbal remedies, seredipity (chance), phenotypic, ration drug design 2. What is the phenotypic approach? Chemical library screening in cellsWhat is the phenotypic approach?== Chemical library screening in cells 3. What information rises from clinical studies? PKPD (efficacy, ADME, toxicity)What information rises from clinical studies?== PKPD (efficacy, ADME, toxicity) 4. What are the types of toxicology? Acute, mutagenic, tetarogenWhat are the types of toxicology?== Acute, mutagenic, tetarogen 5. What does toxicity tell us? Which organs, safe dose, cancer?What does toxicity tell us?== Which organs, safe dose, cancer? 6. What does PKPD tell us? Therapeutic indexWhat does PKPD tell us?== Therapeutic index 7. What does ADME tell us? CYP, induction/inhibition, metabolites, administrationWhat does ADME tell us?== CYP, induction/inhibition, metabolites, administration 8. What are the features of phase 1 trials? Small number, safety focused, healthy volunteersWhat are the features of phase 1 trials?== Small number, safety focused, healthy volunteers 9. What are the features of phase 2 trials? Several hundred, diseased volunteers, controlledWhat are the features of phase 2 trials?== Several hundred, diseased volunteers, controlled 10. What are the features of phase 3 trials? Several thousand patients, dose, ADRsWhat are the features of phase 3 trials?== Several thousand patients, dose, ADRs 11. What are the features of phase 4? Post marketing surveillance, rare ADRs, common ADRs confirmedWhat are the features of phase 4?== Post marketing surveillance, rare ADRs, common ADRs confirmed 12. What is the main reason for drug failure to reach market?== Lack of efficacy 13. Why was terfenidine withdrawn?== Caused cardiotoxicity when taken with grapefruit 14. Why was Rofecoxib withdrawn? Increased risk for cardiac arrest and strokeWhy was Rofecoxib withdrawn?== Increased risk for cardiac arrest and stroke Loading...
