HomeCoursesMEDSCI 204: Pharmacology and ToxicologyLecture 17 Lecture 17 1. How is poisoning counteracted? By modulating ADMEHow is poisoning counteracted?== By modulating ADME 2. How is absorption decreased? Vomiting (Ipecac), charcoalHow is absorption decreased?== Vomiting (Ipecac), charcoal 3. What are the problems with vomiting? Increases risk of aspiration, not demonstated to improve outcome, ipecac can affect absorption of other antidotesWhat are the problems with vomiting?== Increases risk of aspiration, not demonstated to improve outcome, ipecac can affect absorption of other antidotes 4. What does charcoal do to elimination? IncreasesWhat does charcoal do to elimination?== Increases 5. What is a recommended dose of charcoal? 1-2g/KgWhat is a recommended dose of charcoal?== 1-2g/Kg 6. What does IV lipid emulsion do? Acts as a lipid 'sink' to lipophilic poisonsWhat does IV lipid emulsion do?== Acts as a lipid 'sink' to lipophilic poisons 7. How much iron causes mild toxicity? 20-60mg/KgHow much iron causes mild toxicity?== 20-60mg/Kg 8. What does iron do? Injures intestinal mucosa, produces ROSWhat does iron do?== Injures intestinal mucosa, produces ROS 9. What is the antidote to iron overdose? DeferoxamineWhat is the antidote to iron overdose?== Deferoxamine 10. When must deferoxamine be used? Phase 1 (free Fe++)When must deferoxamine be used?== Phase 1 (free Fe++) 11. What happens with overdose of paracetamol? Toxicity -> hepatic cell death; increases intracellular Ca++ -> mitochondria damage, ROS, cell death pathwaysWhat happens with overdose of paracetamol?== Toxicity -> hepatic cell death; increases intracellular Ca++ -> mitochondria damage, ROS, cell death pathways 12. What is max dose of paracetamol in 24hrs? 10gWhat is max dose of paracetamol in 24hrs?== 10g 13. What is max daily dose of paracetamol over 48hrs? 6gWhat is max daily dose of paracetamol over 48hrs?== 6g 14. What is max daily dose of paracetamol over 72hrs? 4gWhat is max daily dose of paracetamol over 72hrs?== 4g 15. What determines limit on paracetamol dose? Glutathione depletionWhat determines limit on paracetamol dose?== Glutathione depletion 16. What percentage of paracetamol overdose is deliberate? 86%What percentage of paracetamol overdose is deliberate?== 86% 17. What is the antidote for paracetamol overdose? N-acetyl cysteineWhat is the antidote for paracetamol overdose?== N-acetyl cysteine 18. What is aspirin hydrolysed to? SalicylateWhat is aspirin hydrolysed to? ==Salicylate 19. What does salicylate do? Stimulates respiration; decreases oxidative phosphorylationWhat does salicylate do?== Stimulates respiration; decreases oxidative phosphorylation 20. What is the max dose of aspirin? 300mg/KgWhat is the max dose of aspirin?== 300mg/Kg 21. What is the antidote to aspirin? Sodium bicarbonate, charcoalWhat is the antidote to aspirin? ==Sodium bicarbonate, charcoal 22. What is bad advice for heroine overdose? Cold showers (increase hypertension), milk, sleep, take stimulantsWhat is bad advice for heroine overdose?== Cold showers (increase hypertension), milk, sleep, take stimulants 23. What is antidote for heroine? Naloxone (antagonist)What is antidote for heroine?== Naloxone (antagonist) 24. What is the antidote for warfarin poisoning? Vitamin KWhat is the antidote for warfarin poisoning?== Vitamin K 25. Why does vitamin K stop warfarin poisoning? Warfarin acts on vitamin K reductase which is fundamental in coagulation pathwayWhy does vitamin K stop warfarin poisoning?== Warfarin acts on vitamin K reductase which is fundamental in coagulation pathway Loading...
