HomeCoursesMEDSCI 203: Mechanisms of DiseaseLecture 21 Lecture 21 1. During blood vessel injury, what facilitates haemostasis? ECs, platelets, fibrinogen cascadeDuring blood vessel injury, what facilitates haemostasis?== ECs, platelets, fibrinogen cascade 2. What is haemostasis? The response of a blood vessel to injuryWhat is haemostasis?== The response of a blood vessel to injury 3. What happens with haemostasis in healthy vessels? Haemostasis inhibited by ECsWhat happens with haemostasis in healthy vessels? ==Haemostasis inhibited by ECs 4. How do ECs inhibit haemostasis? Produce enzymatic and chemical inhibitors -> no prostacyclins, insulate tissues from blood, produce antithrombinHow do ECs inhibit haemostasis?== Produce enzymatic and chemical inhibitors -> no prostacyclins, insulate tissues from blood, produce antithrombin 5. What produces platelets? Cytoplasmic fragmentation of mega karyocytesWhat produces platelets?== Cytoplasmic fragmentation of mega karyocytes 6. What are the components of platelets?== Alpha, dense granules 7. What happens when platelets are activated by extracellular proteins? Secrete thromoxane Az, vasoactive amines, ADPWhat happens when platelets are activated by extracellular proteins?== Secrete thromoxane Az, vasoactive amines, ADP 8. What do platelet secretions promote? Vasoconstriction, aggregationnWhat do platelet secretions promote?== Vasoconstriction, aggregationn 9. What is the result of reduced platelets? Purpura, haemorrhageWhat is the result of reduced platelets?== Purpura, haemorrhage 10. What activates the coagulation cascade? Hageman factor, thromboplasminWhat activates the coagulation cascade?== Hageman factor, thromboplasmin 11. What is the penultimate step of coagulation? Thrombin catalyses fibrinogen to fibrinWhat is the penultimate step of coagulation? ==Thrombin catalyses fibrinogen to fibrin 12. What does fibrin form? Meshwork around plateletsWhat does fibrin form?== Meshwork around platelets 13. When does thrombosis occur? Inappropriate activation of haemostasisWhen does thrombosis occur?== Inappropriate activation of haemostasis 14. What are thrombi? Fibrin, platelets, RBCs, WBCsWhat are thrombi?== Fibrin, platelets, RBCs, WBCs 15. Where can thrombi form? Arteries, veinsWhere can thrombi form? ==Arteries, veins 16. What are circulating thrombi called? EmbolusWhat are circulating thrombi called?== Embolus 17. Where do blood clots form? Static bloodWhere do blood clots form?== Static blood 18. What changes happen to vessel walls after EC injury? Inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypoxia, infection, damage, haemostasisWhat changes happen to vessel walls after EC injury?== Inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypoxia, infection, damage, haemostasis 19. What can vascular implants activate? Coagulation, inflammationWhat can vascular implants activate? ==Coagulation, inflammation 20. What are the three factors of Virchow's triad that cause thrombosis? EC injury, hypercoagulability, abnormal blood flowWhat are the three factors of Virchow's triad that cause thrombosis?== EC injury, hypercoagulability, abnormal blood flow 21. What is the key cause of abnormal blood flow in arteries? TurbulenceWhat is the key cause of abnormal blood flow in arteries?== Turbulence 22. What is the key cause of abnormal blood flow in veins? StasisWhat is the key cause of abnormal blood flow in veins?== Stasis 23. What causes turbulence? Narrowing, aneurysms, infarction, valve diseaseWhat causes turbulence?== Narrowing, aneurysms, infarction, valve disease 24. What causes stasis? Failure of RV, compressed veins, varicose veins, viscosityWhat causes stasis?== Failure of RV, compressed veins, varicose veins, viscosity 25. What causes hypercoagulability? Trauma -> acute phase response, genetic causes, cancer, smoking, hyperlipidaemia, contraceptivesWhat causes hypercoagulability?== Trauma -> acute phase response, genetic causes, cancer, smoking, hyperlipidaemia, contraceptives 26. What mechanisms limit haemastasis/thrombosis?== Embolism in lungs 27. What is organisation? Macrophages clean itWhat is organisation?== Macrophages clean it 28. What is recanalisation? Blood vessels grow through thrombosisWhat is recanalisation? ==Blood vessels grow through thrombosis 29. What are types of emboli? Thrombus, fat, air, atheromatous plaqueWhat are types of emboli?== Thrombus, fat, air, atheromatous plaque 30. What are the effects of emboli? Stenosis/occlusion/pulmonary infarction/systemic occlusionWhat are the effects of emboli?== Stenosis/occlusion/pulmonary infarction/systemic occlusion Loading...
