HomeCoursesMEDSCI 203: Mechanisms of DiseaseLecture 17 Lecture 17 1. What are the mechanisms of damage of microbial infection? (6) "Exotoxins, degradative enzymes, acute inflammation, auto immune damage, chronic inflammation, carcinogenesis"What are the mechanisms of damage of microbial infection? (6)=="Exotoxins, degradative enzymes, acute inflammation, auto immune damage, chronic inflammation, carcinogenesis" 2. What are some exotoxins? (5) "S. aureus enterotoxin, cholera toxin, shiga toxin, pore forming toxin, superantigens"What are some exotoxins? (5)== "S. aureus enterotoxin, cholera toxin, shiga toxin, pore forming toxin, superantigens" 3. What are the characteristics of a staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin? (3) "Heat/acid resistance, quick onset"What are the characteristics of a staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin? (3)== "Heat/acid resistance, quick onset" 4. What are the subunits of cholera toxin? AB5What are the subunits of cholera toxin?== AB5 5. What happens when AB5 binds to a receptor on epithelial tissue? (9) Taken into cell > disassociated in ER > CTA binds Gs protein > activation of adenylate cyclase > upregulation of cAMP > activation/opening of CTFR Cl- channels > Cl- efflux > Na+ efflux > H2O effluxWhat happens when AB5 binds to a receptor on epithelial tissue? (9)== Taken into cell > disassociated in ER > CTA binds Gs protein > activation of adenylate cyclase > upregulation of cAMP > activation/opening of CTFR Cl- channels > Cl- efflux > Na+ efflux > H2O efflux 6. What is not present in stools of a person infected with cholera toxin? BloodWhat is not present in stools of a person infected with cholera toxin?== Blood 7. What microbe causes hamburger disease? Enterohaemorrhagic E. coliWhat microbe causes hamburger disease?== Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli 8. What is the toxin of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli? Shiga toxinWhat is the toxin of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli?== Shiga toxin 9. What is the result of shiga toxin in the kidney?= =Thrombotic microangiopathy What is the result of shiga toxin in the kidney?= =Thrombotic microangiopathy 10. What are the subunits of shiga toxin? AB5What are the subunits of shiga toxin?== AB5 11. What happens when shiga toxin binds receptor on epithelial tissue? As for cholera toxin except A subunit inhibits protein translation > inflammation > epithelial apoptosis > loss of epithelial barrier > bloody diarrhoeaWhat happens when shiga toxin binds receptor on epithelial tissue?== As for cholera toxin except A subunit inhibits protein translation > inflammation > epithelial apoptosis > loss of epithelial barrier > bloody diarrhoea 12. What happens when shiga toxin binds receptor on epithelial tissue?== As for cholera toxin except A subunit inhibits protein translation > inflammation > epithelial apoptosis > loss of epithelial barrier > bloody diarrhoea 13. How do pore forming cytolysins work? Cytolysin binds cell membrane protein receptor > oligomerisation > membrane insertionHow do pore forming cytolysins work?== Cytolysin binds cell membrane protein receptor > oligomerisation > membrane insertion 14. What are classes of exoenzymes? (4) "Lipases, proteases, DNAses, Hyaluronidases"What are classes of exoenzymes? (4)== "Lipases, proteases, DNAses, Hyaluronidases" 15. What are examples of lipases? (2)== "Zn metallophospholipase C, sphingomyelinase C" 16. Which bacteria produces Zn-metallophospholipase C? Clostridium perfringesWhich bacteria produces Zn-metallophospholipase C?== Clostridium perfringes 17. What is the primary function of ZN-metallophospholipase C? Spreading factorWhat is the primary function of ZN-metallophospholipase C?== Spreading factor 18. What is the primary function of sphingomelinase C? immune evasionWhat is the primary function of sphingomelinase C?== immune evasion 19. Which bacteria produces sphingomyelinase C? S. aureusWhich bacteria produces sphingomyelinase C?== S. aureus 20. What is a common name for clostridial myonecrosis? Gas gangreneWhat is a common name for clostridial myonecrosis?== Gas gangrene 21. What are examples of proteases as spreading factors? (2) "Las A, Las B"What are examples of proteases as spreading factors? (2) =="Las A, Las B" 22. Which microorganism produces Las A and Las B? Pseudomonas aeruginosaWhich microorganism produces Las A and Las B?== Pseudomonas aeruginosa 23. How do Las A and Las B work synergistically? "Las A nicks (marks) protein, Las B degrades it fully"How do Las A and Las B work synergistically?== "Las A nicks (marks) protein, Las B degrades it fully" 24. What does the degradation of proteins result in? Tissue necrosisWhat does the degradation of proteins result in?== Tissue necrosis 25. What is the flesh eating disease? Necrotising fasciitisWhat is the flesh eating disease?== Necrotising fasciitis 26. What produces C5a peptidase? S. pyogenesWhat produces C5a peptidase?== S. pyogenes 27. What does C5a peptidase do? Cleaves C5a and disrupts chemotaxisWhat does C5a peptidase do?== Cleaves C5a and disrupts chemotaxis 28. How do DNAses contribute to spreading? Cleave extracellular DNA to decrease viscosityHow do DNAses contribute to spreading?== Cleave extracellular DNA to decrease viscosity 29. How do DNAses promote immune evasion? Cleave neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)How do DNAses promote immune evasion?== Cleave neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) 30. Which exotoxin deregulates cellular processes? (2) "Enterotoxin, cholera toxin"Which exotoxin deregulates cellular processes? (2)== "Enterotoxin, cholera toxin" 31. Which exotoxins cause cell damage? (3) "Shiga toxin, cytolysis, DNAses, proteases, hyaluronidase"Which exotoxins cause cell damage? (3)== "Shiga toxin, cytolysis, DNAses, proteases, hyaluronidase" 32. Which exotoxins target the immune response? "DNAs, C5a peptides"Which exotoxins target the immune response?== "DNAs, C5a peptides" Loading...
