HomeCoursesMEDSCI 202: Microbiology and ImmunologyLecture 6 Lecture 6 0% Question 1 of 54 What does streptococcus mean?= Strepto = bent (like a chain), coccus = spherical What does streptococcus mean?= Strepto = bent (like a chain), coccus = spherical Question 1 of 54Question 2 of 54 Describe general characteristics of streptococci?= (3) Gram positive, capsulated, 30 species + Describe general characteristics of streptococci?= (3) Gram positive, capsulated, 30 species + Question 2 of 54Question 3 of 54 What are streptococcus pyogenes = (group A streptococcus) sensitive to?= Penicillin What are streptococcus pyogenes = (group A streptococcus) sensitive to?= Penicillin Question 3 of 54Question 4 of 54 How many people are asymptomatic streptococcus pyogenes carriers?= 20% How many people are asymptomatic streptococcus pyogenes carriers?= 20% Question 4 of 54Question 5 of 54 Where do S. pyogenes colonise in carriers?= Upper respiratory tract Where do S. pyogenes colonise in carriers?= Upper respiratory tract Question 5 of 54Question 6 of 54 Which animals are S. pyogenes infections to?= None Which animals are S. pyogenes infections to?= None Question 6 of 54Question 7 of 54 What are the high risk circumstances of transmission?= (4) Respiratory droplet (sneezing/coughing), wound infection, crowding, race What are the high risk circumstances of transmission?= (4) Respiratory droplet (sneezing/coughing), wound infection, crowding, race Question 7 of 54Question 8 of 54 What is the diagnostic procedure for S. pyogenes?= (4) Gram stain (S. pyogenes +ve), catarse test (S. pyogenes -ve), blood agar plate (S. pyogenes betahemalytic or complete lysis of blood cells), bacitracin susceptibility What is the diagnostic procedure for S. pyogenes?= (4) Gram stain (S. pyogenes +ve), catarse test (S. pyogenes -ve), blood agar plate (S. pyogenes betahemalytic or complete lysis of blood cells), bacitracin susceptibility Question 8 of 54Question 9 of 54 What are the streptococcal virulence factors? =(6) Adhesins, invasins, cytolysins, spreading factors, immunopathogenic factors, immune evasion What are the streptococcal virulence factors? =(6) Adhesins, invasins, cytolysins, spreading factors, immunopathogenic factors, immune evasion Question 9 of 54Question 10 of 54 What are MSCRAMMS?= Microbial surface components recognising adhesive matrix molecules What are MSCRAMMS?= Microbial surface components recognising adhesive matrix molecules Question 10 of 54Question 11 of 54 What proteins are in MSCAMMS?= (3) M protein, F protein, Cpa What proteins are in MSCAMMS?= (3) M protein, F protein, Cpa Question 11 of 54Question 12 of 54 What does F protein bind?= Fibronectin What does F protein bind?= Fibronectin Question 12 of 54Question 13 of 54 What do Cpa bind?= Collagen What do Cpa bind?= Collagen Question 13 of 54Question 14 of 54 What is an M protein? = adhesin, antiphagocytotic What is an M protein? = adhesin, antiphagocytotic Question 14 of 54Question 15 of 54 What other adhesins do S. pyogenes have?= Pili What other adhesins do S. pyogenes have?= Pili Question 15 of 54Question 16 of 54 What do pili do?= Bind host cell, biofilm formation - auto aggregation What do pili do?= Bind host cell, biofilm formation - auto aggregation Question 16 of 54Question 17 of 54 What S. pyogenes factors damage host cells?(2)= Streptolysin O (SLO), streptolysin S (SLS) hemolyse bloodcells What S. pyogenes factors damage host cells?(2)= Streptolysin O (SLO), streptolysin S (SLS) hemolyse bloodcells Question 17 of 54Question 18 of 54 What are the spreading factors of S. pyogenes? (5)= Streptokinases, lipases, nucleases, hyaluronidases, proteases What are the spreading factors of S. pyogenes? (5)= Streptokinases, lipases, nucleases, hyaluronidases, proteases Question 18 of 54Question 19 of 54 What immunopathogenic factors do S. pyogenes have?= Super antigens What immunopathogenic factors do S. pyogenes have?= Super antigens Question 19 of 54Question 20 of 54 What does M-protein do? =Prevents opsonisation of capsule or bacteria What does M-protein do? =Prevents opsonisation of capsule or bacteria Question 20 of 54Question 21 of 54 What does C5a peptidase do? =Cleaves C5a from recruiting neutrophils What does C5a peptidase do? =Cleaves C5a from recruiting neutrophils Question 21 of 54Question 22 of 54 What are the invasive diseases caused by S pyogenes? (2)= Necrotising fasciitis (flesh eating disease), stretococcal toxic shock syndrome What are the invasive diseases caused by S pyogenes? (2)= Necrotising fasciitis (flesh eating disease), stretococcal toxic shock syndrome Question 22 of 54Question 23 of 54 What are the non-invasive diseases caused by Group A streptococcal? (3) =Pharyngitis/tonsilitis, pyoderma (impetigo), cellulitis What are the non-invasive diseases caused by Group A streptococcal? (3) =Pharyngitis/tonsilitis, pyoderma (impetigo), cellulitis Question 23 of 54Question 24 of 54 Does S. pyogenes cause food poisoning?= No Does S. pyogenes cause food poisoning?= No Question 24 of 54Question 25 of 54 What immune evasion factors do S. pyogenes have? (3)= Capsule, M-protein, C5a peptidase What immune evasion factors do S. pyogenes have? (3)= Capsule, M-protein, C5a peptidase Question 25 of 54Question 26 of 54 How is the S pyogenes capsule different to that of S. aureus? =Made of hyaluronic acid instead of polysaccharides How is the S pyogenes capsule different to that of S. aureus? =Made of hyaluronic acid instead of polysaccharides Question 26 of 54Question 27 of 54 What are examples of post-streptococcal diseases? (2)= Rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis What are examples of post-streptococcal diseases? (2)= Rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis Question 27 of 54Question 28 of 54 What are the symptoms of strep throat? (4)= Sore throat, fever, reddened pharynx, pus-filled vesicles on tonsils What are the symptoms of strep throat? (4)= Sore throat, fever, reddened pharynx, pus-filled vesicles on tonsils Question 28 of 54Question 29 of 54 What are the symptoms of scarlet fever? (4)= Fever, sore throat, strawberry tongue, chest rash What are the symptoms of scarlet fever? (4)= Fever, sore throat, strawberry tongue, chest rash Question 29 of 54Question 30 of 54 What causes the disease in scarlet fever? =S. pyogenes production of pyrogenic exotin A (SPE-A) or scarlet fever toxin What causes the disease in scarlet fever? =S. pyogenes production of pyrogenic exotin A (SPE-A) or scarlet fever toxin Question 30 of 54Question 31 of 54 What is pyoderma (impetigo)?= Purulent (pus) infection of the skin What is pyoderma (impetigo)?= Purulent (pus) infection of the skin Question 31 of 54Question 32 of 54 What is cellulitis?= Infection of skin that involves subcutaneous tissue What is cellulitis?= Infection of skin that involves subcutaneous tissue Question 32 of 54Question 33 of 54 What is necrotising fasciitis?= Deep tissue infection of S. pyogenes What is necrotising fasciitis?= Deep tissue infection of S. pyogenes Question 33 of 54Question 34 of 54 What can necrotising fasciitis develop into?= Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome What can necrotising fasciitis develop into?= Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome Question 34 of 54Question 35 of 54 What is affected by inflammation due to S. pyogenes infection? (6)= Endocardium, myocardium, pericardium, heart valves, joints, blood vessels What is affected by inflammation due to S. pyogenes infection? (6)= Endocardium, myocardium, pericardium, heart valves, joints, blood vessels Question 35 of 54Question 36 of 54 What is the mechanism for rhematic fever?= Antibodies produced against the S. pyogenes M-protein which has an antigen or peptide region (epitope) that is similar to an antigen on cardiac myofiber. The antibodies produced to control S. pyogenes attack heart tissue What is the mechanism for rhematic fever?= Antibodies produced against the S. pyogenes M-protein which has an antigen or peptide region (epitope) that is similar to an antigen on cardiac myofiber. The antibodies produced to control S. pyogenes attack heart tissue Question 36 of 54Question 37 of 54 What is molecular mimicry?= Where different proteins share antibody epitope (antigen) What is molecular mimicry?= Where different proteins share antibody epitope (antigen) Question 37 of 54Question 38 of 54 What is the mechanism for acute rheumatic fever?= Cross reactive antibodies trigger a type II hypersensitivity reaction where a neutrophil cannot phagocytose myofiber so it releases enzymes that destroy heart tissue. What is the mechanism for acute rheumatic fever?= Cross reactive antibodies trigger a type II hypersensitivity reaction where a neutrophil cannot phagocytose myofiber so it releases enzymes that destroy heart tissue. Question 38 of 54Question 39 of 54 Who is at risk for streptococcus agalactiae (Group B streptococcus) infection?= Newborns Who is at risk for streptococcus agalactiae (Group B streptococcus) infection?= Newborns Question 39 of 54Question 40 of 54 Why are newborns most at risk?= Asymptomatic colonisation of genitourinary tract of 15-35% of adult women Why are newborns most at risk?= Asymptomatic colonisation of genitourinary tract of 15-35% of adult women Question 40 of 54Question 41 of 54 What are the diseases of S. agalactiae? (4) =Pneumonia, bacteremia, sepsis, meningitis What are the diseases of S. agalactiae? (4) =Pneumonia, bacteremia, sepsis, meningitis Question 41 of 54Question 42 of 54 What is the viridians streptococci?= Alpha-hemolytic (partially haemolyses blood cells on blood agar) What is the viridians streptococci?= Alpha-hemolytic (partially haemolyses blood cells on blood agar) Question 42 of 54Question 43 of 54 Where are viridans streptococci found? =Commensal bacteria of mouth flora Where are viridans streptococci found? =Commensal bacteria of mouth flora Question 43 of 54Question 44 of 54 What diseases can viridans streptococci cause? =Dental caries, subacte endocarditis, septic shock What diseases can viridans streptococci cause? =Dental caries, subacte endocarditis, septic shock Question 44 of 54Question 45 of 54 What are the diagnostic tests for viridans streptococci? (4)= Gram stain (+ve), catalase test (-ve), hemolysis on blood agar (alpha haemolytic), optochin (resistant) What are the diagnostic tests for viridans streptococci? (4)= Gram stain (+ve), catalase test (-ve), hemolysis on blood agar (alpha haemolytic), optochin (resistant) Question 45 of 54Question 46 of 54 What is S. pneumoniae?= Gram + diplococcus What is S. pneumoniae?= Gram + diplococcus Question 46 of 54Question 47 of 54 Where do S. pneumoniae colonise? =Nasal epitheliam of 30-65% of children Where do S. pneumoniae colonise? =Nasal epitheliam of 30-65% of children Question 47 of 54Question 48 of 54 How does S. Pnemoniae spread? (3)= Mucous from nose - lungs, hemotogenous route to lungs, hemotogenous route to brain How does S. Pnemoniae spread? (3)= Mucous from nose - lungs, hemotogenous route to lungs, hemotogenous route to brain Question 48 of 54Question 49 of 54 Where do S. pneumoniae multiply? =Alveolar spaces Where do S. pneumoniae multiply? =Alveolar spaces Question 49 of 54Question 50 of 54 What do S. pneumoniae infiltrate? (2)= Neutrophils, alveolar macrophages What do S. pneumoniae infiltrate? (2)= Neutrophils, alveolar macrophages Question 50 of 54Question 51 of 54 What causes most damage in a S. pneumonia infection? =The immune response What causes most damage in a S. pneumonia infection? =The immune response Question 51 of 54Question 52 of 54 What are the symptoms of S. pneumoniae infection? (3)= Fever, yellowish sputum, chest pain What are the symptoms of S. pneumoniae infection? (3)= Fever, yellowish sputum, chest pain Question 52 of 54Question 53 of 54 What diseases can S. pneumoniae cause? (4) =Meningitis, bacteremia, sinusitis, otitis media What diseases can S. pneumoniae cause? (4) =Meningitis, bacteremia, sinusitis, otitis media Question 53 of 54Question 54 of 54 What are the complications of meningitis? (4)= Fever, headache, sepsis, high mortality What are the complications of meningitis? (4)= Fever, headache, sepsis, high mortality Question 54 of 54 Loading...
