HomeCoursesMEDSCI 202: Microbiology and ImmunologyLecture 29 Lecture 29 1. What is the term for hospital acquired infection in hospital? NosocomialWhat is the term for hospital acquired infection in hospital?==Nosocomial 2. When is an infection considered nosocomial? "If symptoms appear 48 hours after admission, within 30 days after discharge"When is an infection considered nosocomial?== "If symptoms appear 48 hours after admission, within 30 days after discharge" 3. How might nosocomial infections occur? "Surgery, catheter, gastrointestinal"How might nosocomial infections occur? =="Surgery, catheter, gastrointestinal" 4. What does wound infection rate depend upon? "Quantity of contamination, virility of microbes, perfusion after surgery, foreign material in wound, host immunity, antimicrobial treatment"What does wound infection rate depend upon?== "Quantity of contamination, virility of microbes, perfusion after surgery, foreign material in wound, host immunity, antimicrobial treatment" 5. How might infection occur with skin cancer removal? Bacteria in sweat glands or hair follicles transferred to deeper layers of skin with scapel (S. aureus) - 1-5% chanceHow might infection occur with skin cancer removal?== Bacteria in sweat glands or hair follicles transferred to deeper layers of skin with scapel (S. aureus) - 1-5% chance 6. How might an appendectomy cause infection? Intestinal contents contaminate open muscle/fat/skin. E. coli? 10-20%How might an appendectomy cause infection?== Intestinal contents contaminate open muscle/fat/skin. E. coli? 10-20% 7. How might trauma cause infection? "Organisms from skin, gravel, environmental objects piercing skin. S. aureus. 5-10%"How might trauma cause infection?== "Organisms from skin, gravel, environmental objects piercing skin. S. aureus. 5-10%" 8. How to prevent wound infection? "Avoid contamination, cleaning to remove dead tissue, avoid creating fluid collections, antibiotics"How to prevent wound infection?== "Avoid contamination, cleaning to remove dead tissue, avoid creating fluid collections, antibiotics" 9. When is the best time to give antibiotics for surgery? 1 hour beforeWhen is the best time to give antibiotics for surgery?== 1 hour before 10. How can a catheter cause infection? Bacteria colonising the urethral mietus transferred to bladder. E. coli 5% per dayHow can a catheter cause infection?== Bacteria colonising the urethral mietus transferred to bladder. E. coli 5% per day 11. How might C. dificile cause infection? Transfer of faeces onto fomites. 10% per week of hospitilisationHow might C. dificile cause infection?== Transfer of faeces onto fomites. 10% per week of hospitilisation 12. How can predisposing factors cause nosocomial infections? "Underlying illness insertion of foreign bodies, shared facilities"How can predisposing factors cause nosocomial infections?== "Underlying illness insertion of foreign bodies, shared facilities" 13. How can nosocomial infections be prevented? "Sterilisation, disinfection, cleaning, isolation"How can nosocomial infections be prevented?== "Sterilisation, disinfection, cleaning, isolation" 14. What is sterile? 100% cleanWhat is sterile?== 100% clean 15. What is disinfection? Mostly cleanWhat is disinfection? ==Mostly clean 16. How does steam sterilise? 120 degress celcius at 100 KpaHow does steam sterilise?== 120 degress celcius at 100 Kpa 17. Whow also can sterilisation be achieved? Poisoness chemicalsWhow also can sterilisation be achieved?== Poisoness chemicals 18. What temperature are most viruses killed? 60 degress celciusWhat temperature are most viruses killed?== 60 degress celcius 19. What temperature are most vegetative bacteria killed? 80 degress celciusWhat temperature are most vegetative bacteria killed?== 80 degress celcius 20. What temperation are B. sterothermophilus spores killed? 120 degress celciusWhat temperation are B. sterothermophilus spores killed? == 120 degress celcius 21. What does disinfection not kill? Bacterial sporesWhat does disinfection not kill?== Bacterial spores 22. What chemicals are used as disinfectants? "Alcohols, H2O2"What chemicals are used as disinfectants?== "Alcohols, H2O2" 23. Which things need to be sterile? Things going in sterile placesWhich things need to be sterile?== Things going in sterile places 24. Which things need to be disinfected? Things going into non sterile placesWhich things need to be disinfected?== Things going into non sterile places 25. Which things need to be cleaned? Things that aren't going into the bodyWhich things need to be cleaned?== Things that aren't going into the body 26. How to inactivate HIV? Wash surface with bleachHow to inactivate HIV?== Wash surface with bleach 27. What must be done with CJD contamination? Discard instruments contaminated with brain tissueWhat must be done with CJD contamination? ==Discard instruments contaminated with brain tissue Loading...
