HomeCoursesMEDSCI 202: Microbiology and ImmunologyLecture 25 Lecture 25 1. What are HIV and AIDS? "Human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome"What are HIV and AIDS? =="Human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome" 2. What does HIV affect Helper T cellsWhat does HIV affect== Helper T cells 3. What are common features of AIDS? "Oral candidas, kaposi's sarcoma, toxoplasma brain abscesses, pneumocytis carinii pneumonia"What are common features of AIDS?== "Oral candidas, kaposi's sarcoma, toxoplasma brain abscesses, pneumocytis carinii pneumonia" 4. When was AIDS discovered? 1981When was AIDS discovered?== 1981 5. When was HIV discovered 1983When was HIV discovered== 1983 6. What is HIV similar to? Simian immunodeficiency virusWhat is HIV similar to?== Simian immunodeficiency virus 7. Where did HIV originate? Africa > Haiti > US > Europe > WorldWhere did HIV originate?== Africa > Haiti > US > Europe > World 8. What type of virus is HIV?== Enveloped retrovirus 9. What is the nuclear information of HIV? 2 x RNAWhat is the nuclear information of HIV?== 2 x RNA 10. What do the proteins of HIV (calyxoprotein 120) attach to? CD4+ coreceptorWhat do the proteins of HIV (calyxoprotein 120) attach to?== CD4+ coreceptor 11. What converts the RNA to DNA?= =Reverse trascriptase (carried by virus) What converts the RNA to DNA?= =Reverse trascriptase (carried by virus) 12. Which enzyme cleaves host DNA and inserts viral DNA? IntegraseWhich enzyme cleaves host DNA and inserts viral DNA?== Integrase 13. How long is the process from attachment to budding? 2 daysHow long is the process from attachment to budding?== 2 days 14. How does HIV cause damage to host cells? "MHC presented on surface of host cells, recognised and killed by CD8+"How does HIV cause damage to host cells?== "MHC presented on surface of host cells, recognised and killed by CD8+" 15. When is peak HIV infection reached? ==4 weeks 16. What are the tests for HIV? =="ELISA, western blot, PCR" 17. What are the steps for ELISA? "HIV antigen to ELISA wells, serum added (antibody attaches if HIV+), anti human antibody added => attaches to serum antibody, reagent added, produces colour change"What are the steps for ELISA?== "HIV antigen to ELISA wells, serum added (antibody attaches if HIV+), anti human antibody added => attaches to serum antibody, reagent added, produces colour change" 18. How does western blot work? Gel electrophoresis => strip by western blotting => incubation in patient serum => silver dye stainHow does western blot work?== Gel electrophoresis => strip by western blotting => incubation in patient serum => silver dye stain 19. What are drugs to treat HIV? "Reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors"What are drugs to treat HIV?== "Reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors" 20. What are the risks of transmission through unprotected sex? "MSM: 1%, MSF: 0.1%, Neonatal: 25%, Breastfeeding: 12%"What are the risks of transmission through unprotected sex?== "MSM: 1%, MSF: 0.1%, Neonatal: 25%, Breastfeeding: 12%" Loading...
