HomeCoursesMEDSCI 202: Microbiology and ImmunologyLecture 18 Lecture 18 1. What are the key events during infection?= Transmission, adhesion, overcome barriers, spread, evasion, disease. What are the key events during infection?= Transmission, adhesion, overcome barriers, spread, evasion, disease. 2. What microbial factors effect our response to microbes? (3) Type of microbe, dose, virulenceWhat microbial factors effect our response to microbes? (3) ==Type of microbe, dose, virulence 3. What host factors affect our response to microbes? (3) Physical barriers, adaptive immune system, genetic capacityWhat host factors affect our response to microbes? (3)== Physical barriers, adaptive immune system, genetic capacity 4. What are our physical barriers against microbes? (4) Skin, oral mucosa, respiratory epithelium, intestine.What are our physical barriers against microbes? (4)== Skin, oral mucosa, respiratory epithelium, intestine. 5. What complement is first to encounter pathogens? C3What complement is first to encounter pathogens?== C3 6. Which innate immune cells respond rapidly to infection? (3) Macrophages, granulocytes, natural killer cellsWhich innate immune cells respond rapidly to infection? (3)== Macrophages, granulocytes, natural killer cells 7. Which adaptive immune cells respond to pathogens? (3) B cells, T cells, plasma cellsWhich adaptive immune cells respond to pathogens? (3) ==B cells, T cells, plasma cells 8. What are immune factors that oppose infection? Neutralisation by antibodies, opsonisation, complement, MHC cytotoxicity, inflammation, antiviral cytokinesWhat are immune factors that oppose infection?== Neutralisation by antibodies, opsonisation, complement, MHC cytotoxicity, inflammation, antiviral cytokines 9. What is the most common receptor of macrophages? TLR 4What is the most common receptor of macrophages?== TLR 4 10. What does TLR 4 bind? (2) LPS from gram negative bacteria, lipoteichoic acid from gram positive bacteriaWhat does TLR 4 bind? (2)== LPS from gram negative bacteria, lipoteichoic acid from gram positive bacteria 11. What are some CD 4 +ve T cells? (4) TH1, TH2, TH17, TregWhat are some CD 4 +ve T cells? (4)== TH1, TH2, TH17, Treg 12. What do TH1 cells do?== Release IL-2, IFNɣ, TNFβ, Activation of macrophages and CD8+ve T cells 13. What do TH2 cells do? B cell interaction, IgE antibody production, eosinophil activationWhat do TH2 cells do?== B cell interaction, IgE antibody production, eosinophil activation 14. What do TH17 cells do? Activation of neutrophils, AMPs, G-CSF, M-CSFWhat do TH17 cells do?== Activation of neutrophils, AMPs, G-CSF, M-CSF 15. What are the activation paths of complement? (3) Lectin, classical, alternativeWhat are the activation paths of complement? (3)== Lectin, classical, alternative 16. What are the effects of complement activation? Lysis, chemotaxis, opsinisationWhat are the effects of complement activation?== Lysis, chemotaxis, opsinisation 17. What binds the pathogen in lectin pathway?== Mannose binding lectin binds to carbohydrates on pathogen 18. What binds the pathogen in the classical pathway? CIqWhat binds the pathogen in the classical pathway?== CIq 19. What binds the pathogen in the alternative pathway? C3 cleaved into C3a and C3b, C3b binds pathogenWhat binds the pathogen in the alternative pathway?== C3 cleaved into C3a and C3b, C3b binds pathogen 20. What do all pathways have in common? C3b binds pathogenWhat do all pathways have in common?== C3b binds pathogen 21. How do bacteria evade complement? CapsuleHow do bacteria evade complement?== Capsule 22. What bacteria has genes for capsule production? S. pnemoniaWhat bacteria has genes for capsule production?== S. pnemonia 23. What bacteria grow inside immune cells? (2) Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. lepraeWhat bacteria grow inside immune cells? (2)== Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. leprae 24. How does the sarcs-cov virus affect the IFN response? Delays release of IFN causing dysregulation of the immune responseHow does the sarcs-cov virus affect the IFN response?== Delays release of IFN causing dysregulation of the immune response Loading...
