HomeCoursesMEDSCI 202: Microbiology and ImmunologyLecture 15 Lecture 15 1. Where do immune cells originate? In the bone marrowWhere do immune cells originate?== In the bone marrow 2. What are the subsets of B cells? (4) Naive, memory, plasma, APCsWhat are the subsets of B cells? (4)== Naive, memory, plasma, APCs 3. What are the subsets of T cells? (3) Helper, cytotoxic, natural killerWhat are the subsets of T cells? (3)== Helper, cytotoxic, natural killer 4. What changes between primary and secondary responses? Time and magnitude of responseWhat changes between primary and secondary responses?== Time and magnitude of response 5. What are the components of the antibody structure? (3) Light chains, heavy chains, disulphide bondsWhat are the components of the antibody structure? (3)== Light chains, heavy chains, disulphide bonds 6. What antibodies do B cells express? CD 20What antibodies do B cells express? == CD 20 7. What antibodies do plasma cells express? CD 19What antibodies do plasma cells express? == CD 19 8. What antibodies do T cells express? CD3What antibodies do T cells express? == CD3 9. What antibodies do cytotoxic T cells express? CD8What antibodies do cytotoxic T cells express? == CD8 10. What antibodies do T helper cells express? CD4What antibodies do T helper cells express? ==CD4 11. What antibodies do natural killer T cells express?= = CD3-ve What antibodies do natural killer T cells express?= = CD3-ve 12. What are the types of CD4 T lymphocytes? (4)== TH1 TH2 TH17 Treg 13. What are the regions on the heavy chains of antibodies? (2) FC binding region, complement binding regionWhat are the regions on the heavy chains of antibodies? (2)== FC binding region, complement binding region 14. What is the region on the light chains of an antibody? Hypervariable, epitope binding regionWhat is the region on the light chains of an antibody?== Hypervariable, epitope binding region 15. What the the FC region bind to? FCRs on macrophages, neutrophils etc.What the the FC region bind to?== FCRs on macrophages, neutrophils etc. 16. What happens when an antibody on a B cell binds to an epitope? B cell is activatedWhat happens when an antibody on a B cell binds to an epitope?== B cell is activated 17. What happens to an activated B cell? They are able to receive signals from T helper cellsWhat happens to an activated B cell?== They are able to receive signals from T helper cells 18. What happens when B cells receive signals from T helper cells? (2) The proliferate and differentiate What happens when B cells receive signals from T helper cells? (2) The proliferate and differentiate 19. What do B cells differentiate into? (2) Plasma cells (most), memory cells (some)What do B cells differentiate into? (2) ==Plasma cells (most), memory cells (some) 20. What are the heavy chain isotopes of antibodies? Mu, delta, gamma, epsilon, alphaWhat are the heavy chain isotopes of antibodies?== Mu, delta, gamma, epsilon, alpha 21. What are the light chain isotopes? Kappa, lambdaWhat are the light chain isotopes?== Kappa, lambda 22. What are the antibody effector functions? (5) Neutralisation, phagocytosis, complement cytolysis, antibody dependent cellular toxicity, complement cytotoxicityWhat are the antibody effector functions? (5)== Neutralisation, phagocytosis, complement cytolysis, antibody dependent cellular toxicity, complement cytotoxicity 23. How do antibocdies neutralise pathogens? (2)= =Bind antigens on viruses blocking them from binding to target cells, bind antigens of secreted factors from a pathogen blocking them from binding target cells How do antibocdies neutralise pathogens? (2)= =Bind antigens on viruses blocking them from binding to target cells, bind antigens of secreted factors from a pathogen blocking them from binding target cells 24. How does an antibody enhance phagocytosis? Opsonises bacteria with antibodies which bind to FC receptors on phagocytes, making the bond strongerHow does an antibody enhance phagocytosis?== Opsonises bacteria with antibodies which bind to FC receptors on phagocytes, making the bond stronger 25. How do antibodies facilitate pathogen cytotoxicity? Bind to pathogen which then binds NK cell which injects digestive enzymes into pathogen or releases perforin and granzyme in its proximityHow do antibodies facilitate pathogen cytotoxicity?== Bind to pathogen which then binds NK cell which injects digestive enzymes into pathogen or releases perforin and granzyme in its proximity 26. How do antibodies facilitate the classical complement pathway? C1q binds to IgG Fc region releasing membrane attack complex forming pores in pathogen membrane killing pathogenHow do antibodies facilitate the classical complement pathway?== C1q binds to IgG Fc region releasing membrane attack complex forming pores in pathogen membrane killing pathogen Loading...
