HomeCoursesMEDSCI 202: Microbiology and ImmunologyLecture 12 Lecture 12 1. What do STIs require for transmission? (2) Intimate contact, persistent infectionWhat do STIs require for transmission? (2)== Intimate contact, persistent infection 2. What complications can arise from an STI? (2) Can remain as local infection, important cause of neonatal diseaseWhat complications can arise from an STI? (2)== Can remain as local infection, important cause of neonatal disease 3. What are some bacterial STIs? (3) Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, SyphilisWhat are some bacterial STIs? (3)== Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis 4. What are some viral STIs? (3) HPV, herpes, HIVWhat are some viral STIs? (3)== HPV, herpes, HIV 5. What are some fungal STIs? CandidiasisWhat are some fungal STIs?== Candidiasis 6. What are some protozoal STIs? TrichomonasWhat are some protozoal STIs?== Trichomonas 7. What is urethritis? Inflammation of urethra (can be purulent - discharge of pus)What is urethritis?== Inflammation of urethra (can be purulent - discharge of pus) 8. What is cervicitis? p Inflammation of cervix, can be purulentWhat is cervicitis?==p Inflammation of cervix, can be purulent 9. What are the complications of epididymitis? (5) Inflammation of epididymus, chronic pain, infertility, hypogonadism, hormone deficienciesWhat are the complications of epididymitis? (5) ==Inflammation of epididymus, chronic pain, infertility, hypogonadism, hormone deficiencies 10. What are complications of pelvic inflammatory disease in women? (6) Inflammation of uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, Chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancies, infertilityWhat are complications of pelvic inflammatory disease in women? (6)== Inflammation of uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, Chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancies, infertility 11. What causes chlamydia? Chlamydia trachomatisWhat causes chlamydia?== Chlamydia trachomatis 12. What disease types extend from Chlamydia? (2)= =Invasive (LVG), oculogenital What disease types extend from Chlamydia? (2)= =Invasive (LVG), oculogenital 13. What is the infection mechanism for LVG serovars? Infect macrophages, migrate to lymph nodes, buboes, proctocolitis (inflammation of colon and rectum)What is the infection mechanism for LVG serovars? == Infect macrophages, migrate to lymph nodes, buboes, proctocolitis (inflammation of colon and rectum) 14. Who is predominantly infected with LVG serovars? MSMWho is predominantly infected with LVG serovars? == MSM 15. How are genital serovars transmitted? SexHow are genital serovars transmitted?== Sex 16. What are the complications for genital serovars in women? (3) 70% women asymptomatic, passed to baby during childbirth, pelvic inflammatory diseaseWhat are the complications for genital serovars in women? (3)== 70% women asymptomatic, passed to baby during childbirth, pelvic inflammatory disease 17. How many men are asymptomatic? 25%How many men are asymptomatic?== 25% 18. How are genital serovars treated? AntibioticsHow are genital serovars treated?== Antibiotics 19. How many untreated asymptomatic women will develop PID? 50%How many untreated asymptomatic women will develop PID?== 50% 20. How can genital serovars affect babies? (2)== Neonatal conjunctivitis, pneumonia 21. What can untreated serovars in men lead to? (4)=Epidiymitis, urethritis, arthritis, infertility What can untreated serovars in men lead to? (4)=Epidiymitis, urethritis, arthritis, infertility 22. How many estimated new world wide cases of chlamydia per year? 100MHow many estimated new world wide cases of chlamydia per year?==100M 23. How many chlamydia cases in NZ? (2015) 30KHow many chlamydia cases in NZ? (2015)== 30K 24. Which age range is most affected by Chlamydia? 15-30yrsWhich age range is most affected by Chlamydia? ==15-30yrs 25. Who is most affected by chlamydia - men or women?== Men (10,000: 20,000 in women) 26. What are the diagnostic methods for chlamydia? (3)= =Culture from swab or urine, PCR, microscopy/ELISA What are the diagnostic methods for chlamydia? (3)= =Culture from swab or urine, PCR, microscopy/ELISA 27. What are the treatments for Chlamydia? Tetracyclines, macrolidesWhat are the treatments for Chlamydia?== Tetracyclines, macrolides 28. What is the process of chlamydia infection? (6) Elementary body, intermediate body, reticulate body, division of reticulate body within inclusion membrane, differentiation of RBs into EBs, cell lysis and extrusion of EBsWhat is the process of chlamydia infection? (6)== Elementary body, intermediate body, reticulate body, division of reticulate body within inclusion membrane, differentiation of RBs into EBs, cell lysis and extrusion of EBs 29. What is gonorrhoea caused by? Neisseria gonorrhoeaeWhat is gonorrhoea caused by?== Neisseria gonorrhoeae 30. How is gonorrhoea transmitted? sexHow is gonorrhoea transmitted?== sex 31. What is the likelyhood of a female contracting gonorrhoea from men (one sexual episode)? 50%What is the likelyhood of a female contracting gonorrhoea from men (one sexual episode)? ==50% 32. What is the likelyhood of a man contracting gonorrhoea from women (per sexual episode)? 20%What is the likelyhood of a man contracting gonorrhoea from women (per sexual episode)?== 20% 33. How many women are asymptomatic? 50%How many women are asymptomatic?== 50% 34. How many men are asymptomatic for gonorrhoea? 5%How many men are asymptomatic for gonorrhoea?== 5% 35. What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea? Pain during urinationWhat are the symptoms of gonorrhoea? == Pain during urination 36. What can untreated gonorrhoea lead to? (7) Skin pustules, arthritis, meningitis, endocarditis, PID, septic abortion, infertilityWhat can untreated gonorrhoea lead to? (7)== Skin pustules, arthritis, meningitis, endocarditis, PID, septic abortion, infertility 37. How many cases for gonorrhoea (2015)? 3.5KHow many cases for gonorrhoea (2015)? ==3.5K 38. Which gender have the higher rate? Male but not by muchWhich gender have the higher rate? ==Male but not by much 39. What age range is most affected? 15-40What age range is most affected?== 15-40 40. What is the treatment for gonorrhoea? (2) Used to be penicillin and ciprofloxacin but now ceftriaxone, azithromycinWhat is the treatment for gonorrhoea? (2)== Used to be penicillin and ciprofloxacin but now ceftriaxone, azithromycin 41. What causes a syphilis infection? Treponema pallidumWhat causes a syphilis infection?== Treponema pallidum 42. What is the initial symptom? Chancre (painless ulcer)What is the initial symptom?== Chancre (painless ulcer) 43. What is the secondary disease in syphilis (2-8 wks)?== Rash (bacteraemic dissemination) 44. What are the secondary symptoms over the following 1-4 years? Rash (bacteraemic dissemination), fever, meningitis, hepatitisWhat are the secondary symptoms over the following 1-4 years?== Rash (bacteraemic dissemination), fever, meningitis, hepatitis 45. What are the symptoms of the tertiary phase (years later)? Small vessel vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels) affecting brain and aortaWhat are the symptoms of the tertiary phase (years later)?== Small vessel vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels) affecting brain and aorta 46. How does syphilis affect babies? 50% of pregnancies will end in miscarriageHow does syphilis affect babies? ==50% of pregnancies will end in miscarriage 47. What is the trend of syphilis in NZ? Increasing at a fast rateWhat is the trend of syphilis in NZ?== Increasing at a fast rate 48. What age range is most affected by syphilis infection? 20-40What age range is most affected by syphilis infection?== 20-40 49. What is the treatment of syphilis? PenicillinWhat is the treatment of syphilis?== Penicillin Loading...
