Lecture 7

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Question 1 of 38

What is the peak LA pressure during ventricular filling?
5 mmHg.

Question 1 of 38

Question 2 of 38

What is the peak LV pressure during ventricular filling?
3 mmHg – 0mmHg

Question 2 of 38

Question 3 of 38

What is the peak Aorta pressure during ventricular filling?
90 mmHg 0 70mmHg

Question 3 of 38

Question 4 of 38

When does the first heart sound occur?
When ventricle contract closing Bi/Tri cuspids (beginning of IVC).

Question 4 of 38

Question 5 of 38

What stage is it when atrial pressure is less than ventricular?
IVC.

Question 5 of 38

Question 6 of 38

Is ventricular ejection silent?
Yes.

Question 6 of 38

Question 7 of 38

When does the second heart sound occur?
When aortic & pulmonary valve close at beginning of IVR.

Question 7 of 38

Question 8 of 38

Describe the comparative pressures during isovolumetric relaxation. (3)
Ventricle is higher than atrial & artery but decreasing.

Question 8 of 38

Question 9 of 38

What is the average volume of a heart?
120-130ml.

Question 9 of 38

Question 10 of 38

How much blood do the ventricles typically eject?
60-70ml.

Question 10 of 38

Question 11 of 38

Describe the relative pressure s during LV filling? (3)
Atrial more than ventricle which is less than arterial.

Question 11 of 38

Question 12 of 38

Describe the rate of blood entering the artery (aorta) during VE?
Fast – slow.

Question 12 of 38

Question 13 of 38

Why does the pressure go up and then down during VE?
Blood drains into systemic, systemic pressure rises.

Question 13 of 38

Question 14 of 38

When does the second heart sound occur? (which stage)
IVR (aorta closes).

Question 14 of 38

Question 15 of 38

What is the pressures of aorta and pulmonary trunk at peak pressure?
120mm Hg & 27 mm Hg.

Question 15 of 38

Question 16 of 38

What is happening to the pressure in the atrium during VE?
Increasing as it is filled.

Question 16 of 38

Question 17 of 38

When does blood begin to enter the LV from the atrium?
When LV pressure drops below LA pressure (bicuspid opens).

Question 17 of 38

Question 18 of 38

How much blood (%) does the RA deliver to the ventricle on contraction?
20% of total volume = ~30ml.

Question 18 of 38

Question 19 of 38

Why is the second heart sound split?
Aorta is under 120 mmHg whereas pulmonary valve is under 27mm Hg.

Question 19 of 38

Question 20 of 38

What does the pressures calculation systalic/diastolic mean?
Peak pressure over lowest pressure of aorta.

Question 20 of 38

Question 21 of 38

How big is an elastic artery?
12mm.

Question 21 of 38

Question 22 of 38

When does the elastic artery expand/contract? (which stages)
Beginning of VE contract until = expand VF.

Question 22 of 38

Question 23 of 38

What are the functions of the elastic artery? (2)
Decrease pressure and even pressure pulse.

Question 23 of 38

Question 24 of 38

How big is a muscular artery?
6mm.

Question 24 of 38

Question 25 of 38

What are the two names for the inner tunic of a muscular artery?
Tunica interna / intima.

Question 25 of 38

Question 26 of 38

What is the middle tunic named?
Tunica media.

Question 26 of 38

Question 27 of 38

What is the outer tunic named? (2)
Tunica externa / adventitia.

Question 27 of 38

Question 28 of 38

What is relationship between flow and radius?
Flow = radius 4 eg ½ Radius -˃ F = ½ x ½ x ½ ½ R

Question 28 of 38

Question 29 of 38

How can you tell the difference between capillary artery and arteriole?
0 layer smooth muscle, arteriole = 3 layers, artery = many.

Question 29 of 38

Question 30 of 38

What do arterioles have more than any other vessel relative?
Amount of smooth muscle relative to the size of their lumeni.

Question 30 of 38

Question 31 of 38

What cells line blood vessels?
Epithelial.

Question 31 of 38

Question 32 of 38

What is total peripheral resistance?
Resistance produced by arterioles.

Question 32 of 38

Question 33 of 38

What is mean arterial blood pressure?
TPR / CO + Venous Pressure = MAP.

Question 33 of 38

Question 34 of 38

What is cardiac output?
The size RBC.

Question 34 of 38

Question 35 of 38

What drives fluid out of a capillary?
Blood pressure.

Question 35 of 38

Question 36 of 38

What draws fluid back into a capillary?
Osmotic pressure.

Question 36 of 38

Question 37 of 38

What is the result of too much blood pressure?
Fluid force interstitially causing edema.

Question 37 of 38

Question 38 of 38

Draw a graph of the cardiac cycle events over time. Include: Systale (atrium & ventricle) Pressure Aorta LA LV Valves (open or closed) Sounds (S1 & S2) & splitting Volume (LV) Time (10 x 1/10s) Events i) Ventricular filling. =(GRAPH)

Question 38 of 38