Lecture 28

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Question 1 of 22

How does the kidney contribute to homeostatis? (4) = H2o (BP), Solutes (Na+, K+), Hormones (H.R.).

Question 1 of 22

Question 2 of 22

What are some symptoms of kidney dysfunction? (5) = Blood/proteins in urine, pulmonary edema.

Question 2 of 22

Question 3 of 22

What is the major form of fluid transfer in the kidney? = Osmosis (raw solution > high solute).

Question 3 of 22

Question 4 of 22

How does solute and H2O concentration influence fluid transfer? = Fluid flows from low to high solute conc. and high to low H2O conc.

Question 4 of 22

Question 5 of 22

What is osmotic pressure? = The force of a solvent’s tendency to leave or enter a solution due to osmosis.

Question 5 of 22

Question 6 of 22

What is osmolarity? = Osmalarity :- mOsm/L solution.

Question 6 of 22

Question 7 of 22

What is osmolality? = Osmalality :- mOsm /kg solvent.

Question 7 of 22

Question 8 of 22

How many mOsm/L would 150 mM of NaC1 & 1L of water give? = 300mM L-1.

Question 8 of 22

Question 9 of 22

How many mOsm/L would 300mM of urea + 1L of H2O give? = 300mM L-1.

Question 9 of 22

Question 10 of 22

What does hyperosmotic refer to? = A solution with a higher conc of osmoles than another.

Question 10 of 22

Question 11 of 22

What does isosmotic refer to? = A solution with the same conc of osmoles than another.

Question 11 of 22

Question 12 of 22

What does hyposmotic refer to? = A solution with a lower conc of osmoles than another.

Question 12 of 22

Question 13 of 22

What is tonicity? = The amount of internal pressure exerted upon a cell’s membrane.

Question 13 of 22

Question 14 of 22

What is an isotonic solution? = A solution that does not affect the tonicity of a cell.

Question 14 of 22

Question 15 of 22

Which would be appropriate for someone who has lost a lot of blood? = An isotonic.

Question 15 of 22

Question 16 of 22

What percentage of a 70kg male is fluid? = 60%.

Question 16 of 22

Question 17 of 22

Of this, how much is intracellular / intercellular? (extracellular). = 2/3 intra. 1/3 extra.

Question 17 of 22

Question 18 of 22

In extracellular fluid, how much is interstitial fluid plasma? = 80% interstitial. 20% blood plasma.

Question 18 of 22

Question 19 of 22

Where do your fluids come from? (4) Food, water, air, metabolic processes.

Question 19 of 22

Question 20 of 22

Where does it go? (4) = Urine, metabolism, breath, sweat.

Question 20 of 22

Question 21 of 22

Name the prominent type of body fluid containing: Na+, K+, Cl-? (3) = Na+: Interstitial/blood, intracellular, interstitial/blood

Question 21 of 22

Question 22 of 22

What is the approximate rate of kidney blood flow? = 600mL/min.

Question 22 of 22