Lecture 36

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Question 1 of 40

How long is the gut? = 5m.

Question 1 of 40

Question 2 of 40

Which glands are associated with the gut? (2) = Pancreas / liver.

Question 2 of 40

Question 3 of 40

What is the function of the gut? (3) = Absorption, secretion, digestion.

Question 3 of 40

Question 4 of 40

What is the core of the tooth? = Pulp.

Question 4 of 40

Question 5 of 40

What does it hold? (3) = Blood vessels / nerves / lymphatics.

Question 5 of 40

Question 6 of 40

What surrounds the pulp? = Dentin.

Question 6 of 40

Question 7 of 40

How does dentin differ from bone? = Odontoblasts at the junction between pulp and dentin. (Not within)

Question 7 of 40

Question 8 of 40

What region of the tooth is above the gum line? = Crown.

Question 8 of 40

Question 9 of 40

What region of the tooth is below the gum line? = Root.

Question 9 of 40

Question 10 of 40

What region of the tooth is in the middle? = Neck.

Question 10 of 40

Question 11 of 40

What is special about enamel? (3) What does it cover? = Hardest substance / no sensation / no cells – covers dentin.

Question 11 of 40

Question 12 of 40

What is it made of? (2) = Calcium phosphate (CaPO4) and carbonate CO3.

Question 12 of 40

Question 13 of 40

What substance covers the dentin in the root? = Cementum.

Question 13 of 40

Question 14 of 40

What ligament connects the cementum to the alveolar bone? = Periodontal ligament.

Question 14 of 40

Question 15 of 40

What is the emergency brake in the jaw? = Mechano receptors in the periodontal ligament (protection).

Question 15 of 40

Question 16 of 40

How do the mechanoreceptors shift teeth in the jaw with braces? = Mechanoreceptors detect sustained tension of periodontal ligament and osteoblasts build bone. Mechano receptors detect sustained lack of tension and osteoclasts remove bone.

Question 16 of 40

Question 17 of 40

What are the ligaments made with? (2 x c’s) = Collagen fibres and Vitamin C.

Question 17 of 40

Question 18 of 40

What muscle type is the tongue made of? = Skeletal muscle.

Question 18 of 40

Question 19 of 40

What three types of fibres is the tongue made of? (3) = Longitudinal, transverse, vertical.

Question 19 of 40

Question 20 of 40

What are the three types of papillae of the tongue? (3) = Fungiform, filiform, vallate.

Question 20 of 40

Question 21 of 40

Which has the most taste buds? = Vallate.

Question 21 of 40

Question 22 of 40

Which has none? = Filliform.

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Question 23 of 40

What are the three types of salivary glands? = Sublingual, submandibular, parotid.

Question 23 of 40

Question 24 of 40

What is the function of mucous cells? = Water mucous for lubrication and creating bollus.

Question 24 of 40

Question 25 of 40

What are the secretions of serous cells? = Amylase, lysozyme.

Question 25 of 40

Question 26 of 40

What cells is the parotid made of? = Serous.

Question 26 of 40

Question 27 of 40

What cells is the sublingual glands made of? = Mucous.

Question 27 of 40

Question 28 of 40

What cells is the submandibular glands made of? = Mix.

Question 28 of 40

Question 29 of 40

What activates the secretion of mucous and serous glands? (2) = Smell, sight, taste, thought activates parasymp → 4 saliva.

Question 29 of 40

Question 30 of 40

Which features increase surface area of the gut? (4) = Rings (plicae), villi, microvilli, gross convulations.

Question 30 of 40

Question 31 of 40

Other than surface area, what else increases digestion and absorption? = Time.

Question 31 of 40

Question 32 of 40

What is the first layer from the lumen? (tunica) = Tunica mucosa.

Question 32 of 40

Question 33 of 40

What are the 3 layers of the mucosa tunica? = Epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae.

Question 33 of 40

Question 34 of 40

What are the purposes of epithelium? (3) = Protection, absorption, secretion.

Question 34 of 40

Question 35 of 40

What is the function of the lamina propria? = Support, nerve and blood, lymphocytes.

Question 35 of 40

Question 36 of 40

What does the lamina propria contain? (4) = Blood, nerve, lymphocytes, fibrous connective tissue.

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Question 37 of 40

What is the function of muscularis mucosae? = Movement independent of external muscle coat for glands.

Question 37 of 40

Question 38 of 40

What are its layers? = Inner circular, outer longitudinal.

Question 38 of 40

Question 39 of 40

What is the 3rd tunica of the gut tube? = Muscularis exterior.

Question 39 of 40

Question 40 of 40

Describe its layers? (direction and functions) = Inner circular, outer longitudinal.

Question 40 of 40